Recombination

• Cleavage and rejoining of DNA molecules to generate new combinations of genes
• There are two types of recombination mechanisms that occur in living system

Genetic recombination

Site specific recombination

Genetic Recombination

• The production of gene combinations not found in the parents by the crossing over between homologous chromosomes during meiosis is called genetic recombination.
• Genetic recombination occurs in the germ cells (during meiosis I in oocytes and spermatocytes)
• Also called as homologous recombination as it takes place between homologous chromosomes
• It occurs during crossing over, in which homologous regions of chromosomes are exchanged and genes are shuffled into new combinations.
• It is an extremely important genetic process because it increases genetic variation.
• It is a ubiquitous process that occurs in every bacteria and also in eukaryotes

Models of Homologous Recombination

Holliday model (Robin Holliday 1964)

Double strand repair model

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